Lexicon :: Strong's H5307 - nāp̄al

נָפַל

Transliteration

nāp̄al

Pronunciation

naw-fal'

Part of Speech

verb

Root Word (Etymology)

A primitive root

Dictionary Aids

TWOT Reference: 1392

Strong's Info

Strong’s Definitions

נָפַל nâphal, naw-fal'; a primitive root; to fall, in a great variety of applications (intransitive or causative, literal or figurative):—be accepted, cast (down, self, (lots), out), cease, die, divide (by lot), (let) fail, (cause to, let, make, ready to) fall (away, down, -en, -ing), fell(-ing), fugitive, have (inheritance), inferior, be judged (by mistake for 6419), lay (along), (cause to) lie down, light (down), be (× hast) lost, lying, overthrow, overwhelm, perish, present(-ed, -ing), (make to) rot, slay, smite out, × surely, throw down.

KJV Translation Count — Total: 434x

The KJV translates Strong's H5307 in the following manner: fall (318x), fall down (25x), cast (18x), cast down (9x), fall away (5x), divide (5x), overthrow (5x), present (5x), lay (3x), rot (3x), accepted (2x), lie down (2x), inferior (2x), lighted (2x), lost (2x), miscellaneous (22x).

KJV Translation Count — Total: 434x

Outline of Biblical Usage [?]

to fall, lie, be cast down, fail
1. (Qal)
  1. to fall
  2. to fall (of violent death)
  3. to fall prostrate, prostrate oneself before
  4. to fall upon, attack, desert, fall away to , go away to, fall into the hand of
  5. to fall short, fail, fall out, turn out, result
  6. to settle, waste away, be offered, be inferior to
  7. to lie, lie prostrate
2. (Hiphil)
  1. to cause to fall, fell, throw down, knock out, lay prostrate
  2. to overthrow
  3. to make the lot fall, assign by lot, apportion by lot
  4. to let drop, cause to fail (fig.)
  5. to cause to fall
3. (Hithpael)
  1. to throw or prostrate oneself, throw oneself upon
  2. to lie prostrate, prostrate oneself
4. (Pilel) to fall

Strong’s Definitions [?](Strong’s Definitions Legend)

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon [?] (Jump to Scripture Index)

STRONGS H5307: Abbreviations

נָפַל ₄₃₃ verb fall, lie (Late Hebrew = Biblical Hebrew, נְפַל, Syriac ; compare also Arabic dedit praedam (Nö^{ZMG xl (1886), 725} Frä^153f.), Minaean נפל remove Hom^{Sudar. Chrest. 128}); —
Qal₃₆₆ Perfect נ׳ Judges 5:27 +, 3rd person feminine singular נָֽפְלָה Genesis 15:12 +, etc.; Imperfect יִפֹּל 1 Samuel 14:45 +, וַיִּפֹּל Judges 4:16 +; 1st person singular אֶפֹּל 1 Chronicles 21:13 (needless change from 1st person plural נִפְּלָהנִמְּלָה || 2 Samuel 24:14 We Dr); 3rd person masculine plural יִפְּלוּ Hosea 7:16 +, יִפֹּ֑לוּ Isaiah 3:25 +, 3rd person feminine plural תִּפֹּ֫לְנָה Ezekiel 13:11; Ezekiel 30:25, etc.; Imperative masculine plural נִפְלוּ Hosea 10:8; Jeremiah 25:27; Infinitive absolute נָפוֺל Esther 6:13; construct נְפֹל Isaiah 30:25 +; לִנְפֹּל Jeremiah 51:49 +; suffix נָפְלוֺ 1 Samuel 29:3, נִפְלוֺ 2 Samuel 1:10, נִפְלָם Jeremiah 49:21 (on these forms compare Ba^{NB 104}); Participle נֹפֵל Judges 4:22 +; feminine נֹפֶ֫לֶת Genesis 15:12 +; plural נֹפְלִים Joshua 8:25 + (insert also 1 Samuel 28:19b Th We Dr Kit Bu HPS; Klo כֹּרְעִים), etc.; —

1. fall, by accident, שָֿׁ֫מָּה וְנ׳ Exodus 21:33 (E) and there fall into it (a pit) an ox or an ass, compare Deuteronomy 22:4 (בַּדֶּרֶךְ, on the way), bird עַל־פַּח Amos 3:5; subject person, 1 Samuel 4:18 (from seat, מֵעַל), Deuteronomy 22:8 (twice in verse) (from roof, מִן); often into (ב) pit (usually figurative) Proverbs 26:27; Proverbs 28:10, also (absolute), Proverbs 22:14, Ecclesiastes 10:8; Psalm 7:16; Psalm 57:7 (בְּתוֺךְ), compare Psalm 35:8; Psalm 141:10(net), also, with אֶל, Isaiah 24:18 = Jeremiah 48:44; fall בְּלֵב יַמִּים Ezekiel 25:27; opposed to קוּם Jeremiah 8:4 compare Ecclesiastes 4:10 (twice in verse); with אָחוֺר fall backward Genesis 49:17 (poem); with בְּעַד through 2 Kings 1:2 compare (of locusts) Joel 2:8; † עַלחֶֿרֶב נ׳ causing death 1 Samuel 31:4, 5 = 1 Chronicles 10:4, 5; † אַ֫רְצָה עַל־פָּנָיו נ׳ 1 Samuel 17:49 (Goliath); subject thing, 2 Kings 2:13, 14 (מֵעַל), 2 Kings 6:5 (אֶלֿ into water), 2 Kings 6:6 (absolute); with עַל Leviticus 11:32, 35, 37, 38, אֶלֿ Leviticus 11:33; absolute of tent Judges 7:13 + Judges 7:13 (gloss, GFM, Bu); of wall Joshua 6:5 (JE), Jeremiah 51:44, figurative Ezekiel 13:11 (strike out Sm Co Berthol), Ezekiel 13:12; Ezekiel 13:14, לְאֶרֶץ Ezekiel 38:20; + תַּחְתֶּיהָ i.e. flat Joshua 6:20; נ׳ of bricks Isaiah 9:9 (in figurative), פֶּרֶץ Isaiah 30:13; towers Isaiah 30:25, foundations Jeremiah 50:15; wall fell upon (על) 1 Kings 20:30, so of house Judges 16:30; Job 1:19, mountains Hosea 10:8; mountain also absolute Job 14:18 (compare נָבֵל), height Ezekiel 38:20; tree Ecclesiastes 11:3 (twice in verse) (ב location), compare Isaiah 10:34 (בְ instrumental, in figure), Zechariah 11:2 (absolute); branches Ezekiel 31:12 (figurative); a grain Amos 9:9 (אֶרֶץ = to earth); of dew 2 Samuel 17:12 (with על), hailstones Ezekiel 13:11; blood (אַ֫רְצָה) 1 Samuel 26:20; † hair of head (ארצה) 1 Samuel 14:45; 2 Samuel 14:11; 1 Kings 1:52; horns of altar Amos 3:14 (לָאָרֶץ); peg Isaiah 22:25; fruit עַל־פֶּה Nahum 3:12; crown Lamentations 5:16; arm from (מִן) shoulder Job 31:22; of sword (apparently) 2 Samuel 20:8 (but on text see Commentaries); † fire from heaven, absolute 1 Kings 18:38 with מִן Job 1:16†; † hand of י׳ Ezekiel 8:1 (with עַלֿ; but read וַתְּהִי Co Berthol); spirit of י׳ Ezekiel 11:5 (עַלֿ); of lot (גּוֺרָל) Ezekiel 24:6; Jonah 1:7 (both with עַל), 1 Chronicles 26:14 (with לְ; || יָצָא), + Esther 3:7 Ry Wild (עַל); compare Hiph. 3; hence (of share, inheritance) fall, be allotted, to (לְ) Judges 18:1 (ב = as: בְּ 17c; so Numbers 34:2; Ezekiel 47:14), Psalm 16:6, absolute Joshua 17:5. — On Ezekiel 47:22b see Hiph. 3.; hence (of share, inheritance) fall, be allotted, to (לְ) Judges 18:1 (ב as: בְּ I 7 c; so Numbers 34:2 Ezekiel 47:14), Psalm 16:6, absolute Joshua 17:5. — On Ezekiel 47:22 see Hiph. 3.

a. Especially of violent death (approximately + 96 times), Judges 5:27 (3 times in verse) (+ שָׁדוּד), 1 Samuel 4:10; 1 Samuel 14:13; 2 Samuel 11:17; 2 Samuel 21:9; 1 Kings 22:20 2 Chronicles 18:9, etc.; + וַיָּמָת, etc.; 2 Samuel 1:4; 2 Samuel 2:23 (twice in verse); חָלָל נ׳ fall pierced (fatally) Judges 9:40; 1 Samuel 17:52; 1 Samuel 31:1 = 1 Chronicles 10:1 +; חַלְלֵי חֶרֶב Ezekiel 35:8; compare בְּתוֺח חֲלָלִים Ezekiel 32:20; תַּחַת הֲרוּגִים נ׳ Isaiah 10:4; פְּגָרִים נ׳ corpses fall Jeremiah 9:21; Numbers 14:29 (P), Numbers 14:32 (JE); by the sword, בַּחֶרֶב Amos 7:17; Hosea 7:16; Hosea 14:1; Isaiah 3:25; 2 Samuel 1:12; Ezekiel 5:12; Ezekiel 6:11; Numbers 14:3, 43 (JE), (+ בָּרָעָב, בַּדֶּבֶר), etc.; לְפִי חֶרֶב נ׳ † Joshua 8:24 (JE), Judges 4:16†; בְּיַד by the hand of † 2 Samuel 21:22; 2 Samuel 24:14 (twice in verse) = 1 Chronicles 21:13 (twice in verse), 1 Chronicles 5:10; 1 Chronicles 20:8†; תַּחַת רגליִ נ׳ fall under my feet 2 Samuel 22:39 = Psalm 18:39.

b. figurative = go to ruin, perish, etc. (about + 30 times); Amos 5:2; Amos 8:14 +; often || כָּשַׁל Isaiah 3:8; Isaiah 8:15 (+ other words), Isaiah 31:3; Jeremiah 8:12; Jeremiah 46:12; Jeremiah 50:32; Psalm 27:2; Proverbs 24:17; || כָּרַע Psalm 20:9; figurative of earth Isaiah 24:20 (opposed to קוּם), Haman falls before (לִפְנֵי) Mordecai Esther 6:13 (twice in verse); compare Isaiah 14:12 (absolute); peculiar to Prov are בְּרִשְׁעָה נ׳ Proverbs 11:5, בְּרַע Proverbs 13:17, בְּרָעָה Proverbs 17:20; Proverbs 28:14.

c. figurative = experience calamity Micah 7:8 (opposed to קוּם), Psalm 37:34; Psalm 145:14; Proverbs 24:16.

d. fall, of a city Jeremiah 51:8 (|| וַתִּשָּׁבֵר).

a. Fall prostrate, Judges 19:26, 27, + אַ֫רְצָה Job 1:20; fall at full length (in a faint) מְלֹא־ וַיִּפֹּל קוֹמָתוֹ 1 Samuel 28:20; sink down Numbers 24:4, 16 (J E; supernatural influence); of arms of Pharaoh Ezekiel 30:25 (opposed to חָזַק).

b. fall = prostrate oneself before (לִפְנֵי) man Genesis 50:18 (E), 2 Samuel 19:19; Genesis 44:14 (J; + אַ֫רְצָה); before י׳ 2 Chronicles 20:18; אַ֫רְעָה אֶל־פָּנָיו נ׳ before י׳ or his representative Joshua 5:14; Joshua 7:6 (both J E); also (ארצה omitted) Ezekiel 43:3; Ezekiel 44:4; before man 2 Samuel 14:22; more often עַל־פָּנָיו נ׳, before man 2 Samuel 9:6; 1 Kings 18:7, 39; Ruth 2:10, before י׳ Genesis 17:3, 17 + 6 times P, Ezekiel 3:23; Ezekiel 9:8; Ezekiel 11:13; 1 Chronicles 21:16; Daniel 8:17; + אַ֫רְפָה, before man 2 Samuel 14:4, before י׳ Judges 13:20; אַ֫רְצָה לְאַפָּיו 1 Samuel 20:41, עַל־פָּנֶיהָ דָוִד לְאַפֵּי 1 Samuel 25:23, ארצה נ׳ 2 Samuel 1:2 (all before man); עַלרַֿגְלָיו נ׳ fall at one's feet 1 Samuel 25:24; 2 Kings 4:37, לִפְנֵי ר׳ Esther 8:3. See synonym below קדד.

c. fall upon (עַל) one's neck, in embrace Genesis 33:4; Genesis 46:29 (both J), Genesis 45:14 (E), אָבִיו עַל־פְּנֵי Genesis 50:1 (J).

a. Fall upon (עַל) = attack Jeremiah 48:32 (figurative), compare Isaiah 16:9; with בְּ Joshua 11:7 (D), absolute Job 1:15; אִישׁ אֶלרֵֿעֵהוּ נ׳ Jeremiah 46:16.

b. † desert or fall away to, go over to, with עַלֿ 2 Kings 25:11 (twice in verse) = Jeremiah 52:15 (twice in verse), Jeremiah 21:9; Jeremiah 37:14; Jeremiah 39:9; 1 Chronicles 12:20; 1 Chronicles 12:21 (twice in verse) (van d. H. 1 Chronicles 12:19; 1 Chronicles 12:20; 1 Chronicles 12:20), 2 Chronicles 15:9, with אֶלֿ 2 Kings 7:4; Jeremiah 37:13; Jeremiah 38:19, absolute 1 Samuel 29:3; Jeremiah 39:9.

c. בְּיַד נ׳ fall into the hand (power) of Judges 15:18; Lamentations 1:7: — compare also 2. a. above

5. † Figurative, of deep sleep, with עַל Genesis 15:12 (J), 1 Samuel 26:12; Job 4:13; Job 33:15; face, countenance (in displeasure) Genesis 4:5, 6 (J); לֵב אָדָם עָלָיו נ׳ 1 Samuel 17:32 (of sinking heart); בְעֵינֵיהֶם וַיִפְּלוּ) Nehemiah 6:16 and they were cast down in their (own) eyes (compare BeRy, Ryle); † of calamity followed by עַלֿ Isaiah 47:11; Ecclesiastes 9:12; terror, etc., followed by עַלֿ Genesis 15:12 (J), Joshua 2:9 (JE), Exodus 15:16 (song), 1 Samuel 11:7; Job 13:11; Psalm 55:5; Psalm 105:38; Esther 8:17; Esther 9:2, 3; Daniel 10:7; reproach, followed by עַלֿ Psalm 69:10; † = fail to be accomplished Joshua 21:43; Joshua 23:14 (twice in verse) (all D), 1 Kings 8:56; 2 Kings 10:10 (+ אַ֫רְצָה); = not to be reckoned Numbers 6:12 (P); † of word (דָּבָר) falling into (ב) Israel Isaiah 9:7; † = fall out, turn out, result Ruth 3:18 (subject דָּבָר).

6. Other idiomatic uses are: לְמִשְׁכָּב נ׳ take to one's bed Exodus 21:18 (E); settle Genesis 25:18 (J); = alight quickly, מֵעַל הַגָּמָל Genesis 24:64 (J), מֵעַל הַמֶּרְכָּבָה 2 Kings 5:21; waste away Numbers 5:21, 22, 27; = be born Isaiah 26:18 (compare Hiph. Isaiah 26:19); = be offered, of supplication (לִפְנֵי י׳) Jeremiah 36:7; Jeremiah 37:20; Jeremiah 42:2 (compare Hiph. 6); with מִן = be inferior to Job 12:3; Job 13:2.

† 7. = lie, of Midianites, etc. (like locusts; ב location) Judges 9:12; = lie prostrate, 1 Samuel 19:24; usually participle Joshua 7:10 (J E; עַל־פָּנֶיךָ), 1 Samuel 5:3, 4 (לְפָנָיו), Amos 9:11, עַלהַֿמִּטָּה Esther 7:8; of the dead 1 Samuel 31:8 = 1 Chronicles 10:8; Deuteronomy 21:1; Ezekiel 32:27 (Co conjecture נְפִילִים [compare Genesis 6:4], see also Berthol Toy^Hpt); נֹפֵל אַ֫רְצָה מֵת Judges 3:25; compare Judges 4:22 (omit ארצה); אַ֫רְצָה נ׳ פְּגָרִים 2 Chronicles 20:24; compare also Ezekiel 32:22, 23, 24 (strike out in Ezekiel 32:22 Hi Co Berthol, in Ezekiel 32:23 Toy^Hpt).

Hiph. Perfect הִפִּיל 1 Samuel 3:19 +; 2nd person masculine singular suffix הִפַּלְתָּם Psalm 73:18; 3rd person plural הִפִּילוּ Judges 2:19 +; 1st person plural הִפַּלְנוּ Nehemiah 10:35, etc.; Imperfect יַפִּיל Exodus 21:27, וַיַּפֵּל Genesis 2:21 +, suffix יַפִּלֵם Psalm 140:11; 3rd person masculine plural יַפִּילוּ 2 Kings 3:25; Psalm 22:19, יַפִּיל֑וּן Job 29:24, etc.; Imperative masculine singular suffix הַפִּלֶהָ Joshua 13:6; masculine plural הַפִּילוּ 1 Samuel 14:42; Infinitive construct לְהַפִּיל 1 Samuel 18:25 +; לַנְפִּל Numbers 5:22 read לִנְפֹּל (Di Ol^{§ 78 c} Sta^{§ 114 a, 2} Kö^{i. 309} Ges^{§ 66, 2 R 1}); Participle מַפִּיל 2 Kings 6:5 + 2 times, plural מַפִּילִים Daniel 9:18; —

1. cause to fall, with accusative, literally:

a. fell tree 2 Kings 3:19, 25; compare 2 Kings 6:5.

b. throw down wall 2 Samuel 20:15.

c. knock out tooth Exodus 21:27 (E).

d. lay prostrate Deuteronomy 25:2 (for bastinado).

e. cast (cedar pillars) into (עַלֿ) fire Jeremiah 22:7; so (with ב), wicked men Psalm 140:11.

f. make sword drop from (מִן) hand Ezekiel 30:22 (figurative), compare Ezekiel 39:3.

g. cause stone to fall עַל Numbers 35:23, flesh Psalm 78:28 (בְּקֶרֶב), stars Daniel 8:10 (in vision).

2. Of causing death בַּחֶרֶב 2 Kings 19:7 = Isaiah 37:7; Jeremiah 19:7; Ezekiel 32:12 (all י׳ subject), 2 Chronicles 32:21 (human subject); בְּיַד 1 Samuel 18:25; + חֲלָלִים Ezekiel 6:4; Proverbs 7:26; also Psalm 106:26; Daniel 11:12 = overthrow, bring to destruction, Psalm 37:14; Psalm 73:18 (with ל), Psalm 106:27.

3. especially of casting lot (גּוֺרָל), Isaiah 34:17 (with לְ for), Nehemiah 10:35 (with עַל + infinitive), Nehemiah 11:1 (with infinitive), 1 Chronicles 26:14 (with לְ; so read Kit^Hpt compare Be Öttli), Psalm 22:19 (with עַל), Esther 9:24 (with infinitive); absolute Jonah 1:7 (twice in verse); 1 Chronicles 24:31; 1 Chronicles 25:8; 1 Chronicles 26:13; Esther 3:7; + בְּתוֺכֵנוּ Proverbs 1:14 (i.e. share with us); omitted גּוֺרָל 1 Samuel 14:32 (with בֵּין), Job 6:27 (with עַל); hence הִפּ׳ = assign, apportion, by lot, usually with לְ person, Joshua 13:6; Joshua 23:4 (both D), Ezekiel 45:1; Ezekiel 47:22a = Ezekiel 47:22b (read יַפִּילוּ Hi-Sm Co Berthol), Ezekiel 48:29 (read בְנַחֲלָה for מנ׳ Hi-Sm, etc.), Psalm 78:55 (compare Qal 1 end; and בְּ 17c).

4. Figurative, let drop, cause to fail (cf Qal 5), Judges 2:19; Esther 6:10, + אַ֫רְצָה 1 Samuel 3:19.

5. Cause deep sleep to fall (עַלֿ) Genesis 2:21 (J), Proverbs 19:15 (absolute), make countenance fall, look displeased at (ב), Jeremiah 3:12, compare Job 29:24 (object פָּנַי אוֺר); cause terror, etc., to fall (עַלֿ) Jeremiah 15:8.

6. Other idioms are: bring to life (properly drop young) Isaiah 26:19 (figurative); present supplication Jeremiah 38:26; Jeremiah 42:9; Daniel 9:18, 20 (all with לִפְנֵי); — on both compare Qal 6.

Hithp. throw, or prostrate oneself,

1. Infinitive construct הִתְנַפֵּל throw himself upon (על) Genesis 43:18 (J; i.e. attack).

2. Perfect 1st person singular הִתְנַפָּ֑לְתִּי Deuteronomy 9:25; Imperfect 1st person singular וָאֶתְנַפַּל Deuteronomy 9:18, 25; Participle מִתְנַפֵּל Ezra 10:1; — prostrate oneself and lie prostrate, לִפְנֵי י׳. —

Pil`el. וְנִפְלַל Ezekiel 28:23, read וְנָפַל Hi-Sm Co Berthol.

See related Aramaic BDB entry H5308.

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