Lexicon :: Strong's H430 - 'ĕlōhîm

אֱלֹהִים

Transliteration

'ĕlōhîm

Pronunciation

el-o-heem'

Part of Speech

masculine noun

Root Word (Etymology)

Plural of אֱלוֹהַּ (H433)

Dictionary Aids

TWOT Reference: 93c

Strong's Info

Strong’s Definitions

אֱלֹהִים ʼĕlôhîym, el-o-heem'; plural of H433; gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme God; occasionally applied by way of deference to magistrates; and sometimes as a superlative:—angels, × exceeding, God (gods) (-dess, -ly), × (very) great, judges, × mighty.

KJV Translation Count — Total: 2,606x

The KJV translates Strong's H430 in the following manner: God (2,346x), god (244x), judge (5x), GOD (1x), goddess (2x), great (2x), mighty (2x), angels (1x), exceeding (1x), God-ward (with H4136) (1x), godly (1x).

KJV Translation Count — Total: 2,606x

Outline of Biblical Usage [?]

(plural)
1. rulers, judges
2. divine ones
3. angels
4. gods
(plural intensive - singular meaning)
1. god, goddess
2. godlike one
3. works or special possessions of God
4. the (true) God
5. God

Strong’s Definitions [?](Strong’s Definitions Legend)

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon [?] (Jump to Scripture Index)

STRONGS H430: Abbreviations

אֱלֹהִים ₂₅₇₀ noun masculine plural (feminine 1 Kings 11:33; on number of occurrences of אֵל, אֱלוֺהַּ, אֱלֹהִים compare also Nes^l.c.).

1. plural in number.

†a. rulers, judges, either as divine representatives at sacred places or as reflecting divine majesty and power: האלהים Exodus 21:6 (Onk , but τὸ κριτήριον τοῦ Θεοῦ ) Exodus 22:7; Exodus 22:8; אלהים Exodus 22:8; Exodus 22:27 ( Ra AE Ew RVm; but gods, Josephus Philo AV; God, Di RV; all Covt. code of E) compare 1 Samuel 2:25 see Dr; Judges 5:8 (Ew, but gods ; God BarHeb.; יהוה Be) Psalm 82:1; Psalm 82:6 (De Ew Pe; but angels Bl Hup) Psalm 138:1 ( Rab Ki De; but angels Calv; God, Ew; gods, Hup Pe Che).

†b. divine ones, superhuman beings including God and angels Psalm 8:6 (De Che Br; but angels Ew; God, RV and most moderns) Genesis 1:27 (if with Philo Jerome De Che we interpret נעשה as God's consultation with angels; compare Job 38:7).

c. angels Psalm 97:7 ( Calvin; but gods, Hup De Pe Che); compare בני (ה)אלהים = (the) sons of God, or sons of gods = angels Job 1:6; Job 2:1; Job 38:7; Genesis 6:2, 4 (J; so Books of Enoch & Jubilees Philo Jude Jude 1:6 2 Peter 2:4 Jos^{Ant. i. 3. 1}, most ancient fathers and modern critics; against usage are sons of princes, mighty men, Onk and Rab.; sons of God, the pious, Theod Chrys Jerome Augustine Luther Calvin Hengst; read οἱ υιὁὶ τοῦ Θεοῦ), compare בני אלים.

d. gods האלהים Exodus 18:11; Exodus 22:19 (E) 1 Samuel 4:8; 2 Chronicles 2:4; Psalm 86:8; אלהי האלהים the God of gods, supreme God Deuteronomy 10:17; Psalm 136:2; אלהים Exodus 32:1, 23 (JE) Judges 9:13; אלהים אחרים other gods Exodus 20:3; Exodus 23:13; Joshua 24:2, 16 (E) Deuteronomy 31:18, 20 (JE) Deuteronomy 5:7 + (17 times in D, not P) Judges 2:12, 17, 19; Judges 10:13; 1 Samuel 8:8; 1 Samuel 26:19; 1 Kings 9:6, 9 (= 2 Chronicles 7:19, 22) 2 Chronicles 11:4, 10; 2 Chronicles 14:9; 2 Kings 5:17; 2 Kings 17:35, 37, 38; 2 Kings 22:17 (= 2 Chronicles 34:25) 2 Chronicles 28:25; Jeremiah 1:16 + (18 times Jeremiah) Hosea 3:1; אלהי (ה)נכר foreign gods Genesis 35:2, 4; Joshua 24:20, 23 (E) Deuteronomy 31:16 (JE) Judges 10:16; 1 Samuel 7:3; 2 Chronicles 33:15; Jeremiah 5:19; נחור א׳ Genesis 31:53 (E); מצרים א׳ Exodus 12:12 (P) Jeremiah 43:12, 13; האמרי א׳ Joshua 24:15 (E) Judges 6:10; ארם א׳ etc. Judges 10:6; אלהים מעשה ידי Deuteronomy 4:28; הגוים א׳ gods of the nations 2 Kings 18:33; 2 Kings 19:12; Deuteronomy 29:17; 2 Chronicles 32:17, 19; Isaiah 36:18; Isaiah 37:12; העמים א׳ Deuteronomy 6:14; Deuteronomy 13:8; Judges 2:12; Psalm 96:5; 1 Chronicles 5:25; 1 Chronicles 16:26; 2 Chronicles 32:13, 14; כסף א׳ Exodus 20:23 (E); זהב א׳ Exodus 20:23 (E) Exodus 32:31 (JE); מַסֵּכָה א׳ Exodus 34:17 (J) Leviticus 19:4 (H).

2. Plural intensive.

a. god or goddess, always with suffix 1 Samuel 5:7 (Dagon), Judges 11:24 (Chemosh), 1 Kings 18:24 (Baal), Judges 9:27; Daniel 1:2 (twice in verse); or construct לעשתרת מואב צדנים לכמוש א׳ א׳ to Ashtoreth goddess of the Zidonians, Chemosh god of Moab, etc. 1 Kings 11:33; הארץ א׳ god of the land 2 Kings 17:26 (twice in verse); 2 Kings 17:27, and so the Syrians suppose that Yahweh is a mountain-god and not a god of valleys 1 Kings 20:28.

b. godlike one Exodus 4:16 (J; Moses in relation to Aaron), Exodus 7:1 (P; in relation to Pharaoh), 1 Samuel 28:13 (the shade of Samuel), Psalm 45:7 (the Messianic king, O God, Jerome, most scholars ancient and modern, but thy throne is God's = God's throne AE Ki Thea Ew Hup, compare 1 Chronicles 28:5).

c. works of God, or things specially belonging to him (see H410 אֵל 5) הר אלהים Psalm 68:16; Ezekiel 28:14, 16; אש אלהים Job 1:16; גן (ה)אלהים Ezekiel 28:13; Ezekiel 31:8, 9.

d. God (see 3 & 4).

3. הָאֱלֹהִים the (TRUE) God, הוא האלהים י׳ Yahweh is (the) God Deuteronomy 4:35, 39; Deuteronomy 7:9; 1 Kings 8:60; 1 Kings 18:39 (twice in verse); 2 Chronicles 33:13; הוא האלהים Isaiah 45:18; האלהים י׳ Joshua 22:34 (P ?) 1 Kings 18:21, 24; 2 Chronicles 32:16; אתה הוא האלהים 2 Samuel 7:28; 1 Kings 18:37; 2 Kings 19:15; 1 Chronicles 17:26; Isaiah 37:16; Nehemiah 9:7; האלהים as subject or object is used in E + 33 times, Chronicles + 38 times, Ecclesiastes + 31 times, Jonah + 5 times, elsewhere Genesis 5:22, 24; Genesis 6:9, 11 (sources of P) Genesis 17:18 (P) Joshua 22:34 (P ?) Genesis 44:16 (J) Deuteronomy 4:35, 39; Deuteronomy 7:9; Judges 6:36, 39; Judges 7:14; Judges 10:14; Judges 16:28; Judges 21:2; 1 Samuel 10:3, 7; 1 Samuel 14:36; 2 Samuel 2:27; 2 Samuel 6:7; 2 Samuel 7:28; 2 Samuel 12:16; 1 Kings 8:60; 1 Kings 18:21, 24 (twice in verse); 1 Kings 18:37, 39 (twice in verse); 1 Kings 19:15 (Ephr) Job 2:10; Jeremiah 11:12; Isaiah 37:16; Isaiah 45:18; Psalm 108:14 [Psalm 108:13] [?]; Daniel 1:9, 17; הקדוש הא׳ י׳ 1 Samuel 6:20; הגדול הא׳ י׳ Nehemiah 8:6; אשר בירושלם הא׳ Ezra 1:3; אדני האלהים Daniel 9:3; in many phrases, as איש האלהים the man of God, acting under divine authority and influence: =

(a) angel Judges 13:6, 8,

(b) prophet (the term coming into use in the Northern kingdom in the age of Elijah 1 Samuel 9:9-10, compare אִישׁ הָרוּחַ Hosea 9:7): of Moses Deuteronomy 33:1; Joshua 14:6 (E) 1 Chronicles 23:14; 2 Chronicles 30:16; Ezra 3:2; Psalm 90:1; of Samuel 1 Samuel 9:6-10; of David 2 Chronicles 8:14; Nehemiah 12:24, 36; Shemaiah 1 Kings 12:22 (= 2 Chronicles 11:2); Elijah, Elisha, and others of their time 1 Kings 13:1-31; 1 Kings 17:18-24; 1 Kings 20:28; 2 Kings 1:9-13; 2 Kings 4:7-42; 2 Kings 5:8-20; 2 Kings 6:6-15; 2 Kings 7:2-9; 2 Kings 8:2-11; 2 Kings 13:19; 2 Kings 23:16-17 (Ephr) 2 Chronicles 25:7, 9; unnamed prophet 1 Samuel 2:27; Hanan Jeremiah 35:4; a later title of prophet was עֶבֶד האלהים the servant of God, used of Moses 1 Chronicles 6:34; 2 Chronicles 24:9; Nehemiah 10:30; Daniel 9:11. בית האלהים the house of God, Judges 18:31, especially late, Chronicles (52 times) Ecclesiastes 4:17 [Ecclesiastes 5:1]; Daniel 1:2; בית י׳ הא׳ 1 Chronicles 22:1; ארון (ברית) האלהים the ark (of the covenant) of God Judges 20:27; 1 Samuel 4:1-5:12; 1 Samuel 14; 2 Samuel 6:1-7:29; 15(23 times); 1 Chronicles 13; 1 Chronicles 15; 1 Chronicles 16; 2 Chronicles 1:4 (13 times); מטה האלהים the rod of God Exodus 4:20; Exodus 17:9 (E); הר האלהים the mount of God (Horeb) Exodus 3:1; Exodus 4:27; Exodus 18:5; Exodus 24:13 (E) 1 Kings 19:8 (Ephr); מלאך האלהים the (theophanic) angel of God Genesis 31:11; Exodus 14:19 (E) Judges 6:20; Judges 13:6, 9; 2 Samuel 14:17, 20; 2 Samuel 19:28; in other combinations Exodus 18:16; Numbers 23:27 (E) Judges 20:2; 1 Samuel 4:8; 1 Samuel 5:11; 1 Samuel 10:5; 2 Samuel 16:23; 1 Kings 12:22; 1 Chronicles 21:7 + (14 times) Psalm 87:3; Ecclesiastes 9:1.

4. אֱלֹהִים = God אֱלֹהִים אֱמֶת י׳ = Yahweh is God in truth Jeremiah 10:10.

a. אלהים (as subject object direct or indirect) is used by P (50 times in story of creation and deluge, elsewhere + 28 times), by E (91 times), J chiefly in poetic sources Genesis 3:1, 3, 5 (twice in verse); Genesis 9:27; Genesis 39:9; Deuteronomy 32:17, 39, by D (11 times) Judges (21 times) Samuel (50 times) Kings (29 times) Chronicles (45 times); in Psalm 42-86 (180 times often by editorial change for an original H3068 יהוה), elsewhere Psalm 3:3; Psalm 5:11; Psalm 7:11; Psalm 7:12; Psalm 9:18; Psalm 10:4; Psalm 10:13; Psalm 14:1; Psalm 14:2; Psalm 14:5; Psalm 25:22; Psalm 36:2; Psalm 36:8; Psalm 77:14; Psalm 100:3; Psalm 108:2; Psalm 108:6; Psalm 108:8; Psalm 108:12 (twice in verse); Psalm 149:9; Job 5:8; Job 20:29; Job 28:23; Job 32:2; Job 34:9 (& in Prologue + 6 times) Proverbs 2:5; Proverbs 3:4; Proverbs 25:2; Ecclesiastes (7 times) Hosea (5 times); Amos 4:11 (כמהפכת אלתים את סדם as God overthrew Sodom = Jeremiah 50:40 = Isaiah 13:19) Zechariah 8:23; Zechariah 12:8; Micah 3:7 (but אליהם ) Isaiah 35:4; Isa² (9 times); Jeremiah 10:10; Ezekiel (13 times); Malachi (5 times); Jonah (4 times); the phrase לאלהים היה ל׳ Genesis 28:21 (E^R) Genesis 17:7, 8; Exodus 6:7; Exodus 29:45; Leviticus 11:45; Leviticus 22:33; Leviticus 25:38; Leviticus 26:12, 45; Numbers 15:41 (P); Deuteronomy 26:17; Deuteronomy 29:13; 2 Samuel 7:24 (= 1 Chronicles 17:22); Zechariah 8:8; Jeremiah (6 times); Ezekiel (6 times); אלהים צדיק righteous God Psalm 7:10; קדשים א׳ holy God Joshua 24:19 (E); חיים א׳ living God Deuteronomy 5:23; 1 Samuel 17:26, 36; Jeremiah 10:10; Jeremiah 23:36; חי א׳ 2 Kings 19:4, 16 (= Isaiah 37:4, 17). For the phrases יהוה א׳, צבאות א׳ י׳, צבאות א׳, י׳ אל א׳, יה א׳, צבאות א׳ י׳, אלתי י׳, צבאות, אדני א׳ see יהוה, יה, צבאות & אדני.

b. construct אֱלֹהֵי

(α) with persons אֱלֹהֵי אַבְרָהָם = God of Abraham, a phrase of J, Genesis 26:24; Genesis 28:13; Genesis 31:53, elsewhere Psalm 47:10; 1 Kings 18:36; 1 Chronicles 29:18; 2 Chronicles 30:6; אדני אברהם א׳ Genesis 24:12, 27, 42, 48 (J); אלהי אב father's God (various suffix & names), a phrase of E, Genesis 31:5, 29, 42; Genesis 46:3; Genesis 50:17; Exodus 3:6, 13, 15, 16; Exodus 15:2; Exodus 18:4; Joshua 18:3, elsewhere Genesis 32:10; Genesis 43:23 (J) Exodus 4:5 (J ?) Deuteronomy (8 times); Judges 2:12; 2 Kings 21:22; Chronicles (31 times); Daniel 11:37; אֱלֹהֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל Israel's God, phrase of E, Genesis 33:20; Exodus 5:1; Exodus 24:10; Exodus 32:27; Joshua 8:30; Joshua 14:14; Joshua 22:16; Joshua 24:2, 23, elsewhere Exodus 34:23; Joshua 7:13, 19, 20 (JE) Numbers 16:9; Joshua 9:18, 19; Joshua 22:24; Joshua 10:40, 42; Joshua 13:14, 33 (R see Di Joshua 7:13) Judges 4:6; Judges 5:3, 5; Judges 6:8; Judges 11:21, 23; Judges 21:3; 1 Samuel 1:17 + (20 times) Kings (26 times) Chronicles (45 times); Psalm 41:14 [Psalm 41:13]; Psalm 106:48 (doxology) Psalm 59:6; Psalm 69:7; Isaiah 17:6; Isaiah 21:10, 17; Isaiah 29:23; Isaiah³, Isaiah 24:15; Isaiah 37:16, 21; Isaiah², Isaiah 41:17 + (6 times); Jeremiah 35:17 + (48 times); Ezekiel 8:4 + (7 times); Zephaniah 2:9; Malachi 2:16; Ruth 2:12; מערכות ישראל א׳ God of the battle array of Israel 1 Samuel 17:45; א׳ יַעֲקֹב 2 Samuel 23:1 (poetry) Psalm 20:2; Psalm 46:8; Psalm 46:12; Psalm 75:10; Psalm 76:7; Psalm 81:2; Psalm 81:5; Psalm 84:9; Psalm 94:7; Isaiah 2:3 (= Micah 4:2); העבריים א׳ God of the Hebrews Exodus 3:18; Exodus 5:3; Exodus 7:16; Exodus 9:1, 13 (JE); it is used with other proper names, Nahor Genesis 31:53 (E), Shem Genesis 9:26 (J), David 2 Kings 20:5; 2 Chronicles 21:12; 34:3; Isaiah 38:5, Hezekiah 2 Chronicles 32:17, Elijah 2 Kings 2:14; ארני המלך א׳ the God of my lord the king 1 Kings 1:36.

(β) with nouns of attributes or relationships, קֶרֶם א׳ ancient God Deuteronomy 33:27; עולם א׳ everlasting God Isaiah 40:28; אֱמֶת א׳ true God 2 Chronicles 15:3; אָמֵן א׳ Isaiah 65:16 (see אָמֵן); משפט א׳ Isaiah 30:18; Malachi 2:17; מרום א׳ Micah 6:6; כָל בָשָׂר א׳ God of all flesh Jeremiah 32:27; compare א׳ הרוחות לכל בשר Numbers 16:22; Numbers 27:16 (P); השמים א׳ God of heaven Genesis 24:7 (J^R) 2 Chronicles 36:23; Ezra 1:2; Nehemiah 1:4, 5; Nehemiah 2:4, 20; compare כל הארץ א׳ Isaiah 54:5; השמים וא׳ א׳ י׳ הארץ Genesis 24:3 (J^R); מִקָּרֹב א׳ a God at hand opposed to מֵרָחֹק א׳ Jeremiah 23:23, ישועתי א׳, יִשְׁעִי א׳ God of my salvation Psalm 18:47 (= 2 Samuel 22:47) Psalm 24:5; Psalm 25:5; Psalm 27:9; Psalm 65:6; Psalm 79:9; Psalm 85:5; Isaiah 17:10; Micah 7:7; Habakkuk 3:18; 1 Chronicles 16:35; ישועתי א׳ Psalm 88:2; תשועתי א׳ Psalm 51:16; צִדְקִי א׳ God of righteousness Psalm 4:2; חַסְדִּי א׳ Psalm 59:11; Psalm 59:18; צוּרִי א׳ God who is my rock 2 Samuel 22:3 (compare Psalm 18:3); מָעוּזִּי֯ א׳ God who is my stronghold Psalm 43:2; תְהִלָּתִי א׳ God who is my praise Psalm 109:1.

c. with suffix in P (22 times including phrase ויראת מאלהיך) Leviticus 19:14, 32; Leviticus 25:17, 36, 43 (H) Exodus 8:21; Joshua 24:27 (E) Deuteronomy 32:37 (poetry) Joshua 9:23 (JE) Deuteronomy 10:21; Deuteronomy 31:17; Judges 10:10; Judges 16:23, 24; 1 Samuel 10:19; 2 Samuel 10:12; 2 Samuel 22:32 + (4 times poetry) 1 Kings 12:28; 1 Kings 20:23; 2 Kings 19:10; Chronicles (83 times); Psalms (62 times); Proverbs 2:17; Proverbs 30:9; Ruth 1:15, 16 (twice in verse); Isaiah 1:10; Isaiah 7:13; Isaiah 8:19, 21; Isaiah² (29 times); Jeremiah 5:4, 5; Jeremiah 23:36; Jeremiah 51:5; Ezekiel 34:31; Daniel (5 times); Hosea (12 times); Amos 2:8; Amos 4:12; Joel 1:13 (twice in verse); Joel 1:16; Joel 2:17; Micah 6:8; Micah 7:7; Jonah 1:5, 6; Zephaniah 3:2; Nahum 1:14; Zechariah 9:7; Zechariah 12:5; אלהים with suffix is also used with יהוה several hundred times (see H3068 יהוה).

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