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Lexicon :: Strong's H5437 - sāḇaḇ

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סָבַב
Transliteration
sāḇaḇ
Pronunciation
saw-bab'
Part of Speech
verb
Root Word (Etymology)
A primitive root
Dictionary Aids

TWOT Reference: 1456

Strong’s Definitions

סָבַב çâbab, saw-bab'; a primitive root; to revolve, surround, or border; used in various applications, literally and figuratively:—bring, cast, fetch, lead, make, walk, × whirl, × round about, be about on every side, apply, avoid, beset (about), besiege, bring again, carry (about), change, cause to come about, × circuit, (fetch a) compass (about, round), drive, environ, × on every side, beset (close, come, compass, go, stand) round about, inclose, remove, return, set, sit down, turn (self) (about, aside, away, back).

KJV Translation Count — Total: 154x

The KJV translates Strong's H5437 in the following manner: (stood, turned, etc...) about (54x), compass (41x), turn (34x), turn away (4x), remove (3x), returned (2x), round (2x), side (2x), turn aside (2x), turn back (2x), beset (2x), driven (2x), compass in (2x), miscellaneous (8x).

KJV Translation Count — Total: 154x
The KJV translates Strong's H5437 in the following manner: (stood, turned, etc...) about (54x), compass (41x), turn (34x), turn away (4x), remove (3x), returned (2x), round (2x), side (2x), turn aside (2x), turn back (2x), beset (2x), driven (2x), compass in (2x), miscellaneous (8x).

  1. to turn, turn about or around or aside or back or towards, go about or around, surround, encircle, change direction

    1. (Qal)

      1. to turn, turn about, be brought round, change

      2. to march or walk around, go partly around, circle about, skirt, make a round, make a circuit, go about to, surround, encompass

    2. (Niphal)

      1. to turn oneself, close round, turn round

      2. to be turned over to

    3. (Piel) to turn about, change, transform

    4. (Poel)

      1. to encompass, surround

      2. to come about, assemble round

      3. to march, go about

      4. to enclose, envelop

    5. (Hiphil)

      1. to turn, cause to turn, turn back, reverse, bring over, turn into, bring round

      2. to cause to go around, surround, encompass

    6. (Hophal) see H4142

      1. to be turned

      2. to be surrounded

Strong’s Definitions [?](Strong’s Definitions Legend)
סָבַב çâbab, saw-bab'; a primitive root; to revolve, surround, or border; used in various applications, literally and figuratively:—bring, cast, fetch, lead, make, walk, × whirl, × round about, be about on every side, apply, avoid, beset (about), besiege, bring again, carry (about), change, cause to come about, × circuit, (fetch a) compass (about, round), drive, environ, × on every side, beset (close, come, compass, go, stand) round about, inclose, remove, return, set, sit down, turn (self) (about, aside, away, back).
STRONGS H5437: Abbreviations
† סָבַב verb turn about, go around, surround (Late Hebrew id., Pi. Hiph., and derivatives; Aramaic סוֺבְבָא rim, border; Arabic rope, lock of hair; possibly also II. prepare a means of attaining something Lane1284); —
Qal Perfect 3rd person masculine singular ס׳ Ezekiel 42:19 +; 1st person singular סַבֹּ֫תִי 1 Samuel 22:22 (but see below), סַבּ֫וֺתִי Ecclesiastes 2:20; Ecclesiastes 7:25; 3rd person plural סָֽבְבוּ Joshua 6:15 + 1 Samuel 14:21; 2 Samuel 24:6 (see below), suffix סְבָבוּנִי Psalm 18:6 +, סַבּוּנִי Psalm 88:18 + 2 times, סַבֻּנִי 2 Samuel 22:6; 2nd person masculine plural וְסַבֹּתֶם consecutive Joshua 6:3, etc.; Imperfect יָסֹב 1 Kings 7:15 +, suffix יְסֻבֵּנִי Psalm 49:6; oftener יִסֹּב 1 Samuel 5:8 +, וַיִּסֹּב Genesis 42:24 +; 3rd person masculine plural יָסֹ֫בוּ Job 16:13, וַיָּסֹ֫בוּ Joshua 6:14 +, 3rd person feminine plural תְּסֻבֶּינָה Genesis 37:7, etc.; Imperative masculine singular סֹב 1 Samuel 22:18, feminine singular סֹ֫בִּי Isaiah 23:16, etc.; Infinitive construct לִסְבֹּב Numbers 21:4, סֹב Deuteronomy 2:3; Participle סוֺבֵב 2 Kings 6:15 +, הַסֹּבֵיב 2 Kings 8:21 (Ginsb הִסְבִּיב Kt, הַסֹּבֵב Qr), etc.; —
1. turn, intransitive (Imperfect of form יִסֹּב in this sense only):
a. turn about, often as preliminary to something else 1 Samuel 15:12, 27 (followed by infinitive), 1 Chronicles 16:43 (id.; וַ֫יָּשָׁב in || 2 Samuel 6:20) + 1 Samuel 14:21 (read סָֽבְבוּ גַם for MT סָבִיב וְגַם, Th We, etc.), Jeremiah 41:14a (+ שׁוב Jeremiah 41:14b, but omits Jeremiah 41:14a compare Gie), Ecclesiastes 1:6 (twice in verse); of door, Proverbs 26:14 turn on (עַל) its hinge (compare Niph. Ezekiel 26:2); turn (toward one) 1 Samuel 22:17, 18 (twice in verse); 2 Samuel 18:30 (twice in verse); Songs 2:17 (see Bu); also with אֶלֿ 2 Samuel 14:24 (twice in verse); + 2 Samuel 24:6 (read סָֽבְבוּ for סָבִיב We Dr Bu Kit HPS; Klo יָסֹבוּ, compare Löhr), Ezekiel 42:19; Ecclesiastes 1:6, אֶלאַֿחֲרָ֑י 2 Kings 9:18, 19; of cup of י׳, it shall come round unto (עַלֿ, with hostile implication; עָבַר עַל Lamentations 4:22) Habakkuk 2:16; of Jordan, turn לְאָחוֺר Psalm 114:3; Psalm 114:5; turn about from (מֵעַל) Genesis 42:24, (מִן) 1 Samuel 18:11, + אֶלֿ 1 Samuel 17:30; so of inheritance Numbers 36:7 it shall not go about from (מִן) tribe to (אֶלֿ) tribe, also Numbers 36:9 (לְ for אֶלֿ); compare (absolute) וַתִּסֹּב הַמְּלוּכָה וַתְּהִי לְאָתִי 1 Kings 2:15 (compare Hiph. 1 b); = be brought round, with accusative of location 1 Samuel 5:8 (of ark).
b. turn = change, only Zechariah 14:10 (of land, changed like [כְּ, i.e. into] a plain), compare Hiph. 1 c.
c. figurative turn (in a new direction) to do something (infinitive) Ecclesiastes 2:20; Ecclesiastes 7:25. — Psalm 71:21 is dubious; Bae reads וְתָשֻׁב for וְתִסֹּב after ; Hup-Now Che and others below a. above: turn, comfort me. — Job 10:8 read אַחַר תִּסֹּב for MT יחד סביב De and others.
2.
a. march, or walk, around, with accusative (city) Joshua 6:3, 4, 7, 14, 15 (twice in verse) (all J E), Psalm 48:13; possibly also נָסֹב 1 Samuel 16:11 (of marching about altar? so HPS; turn to do something else Th), but compare תסוב Ecclus 32:1sit about a table (see SchechterBS p. 56, and compare מֵסַב), or read נֵשֵׁב Weir in Dr Kit Bu Löhr (perhaps).
b. go partly round, circle about, skirt, with accusative (land) Numbers 21:4 (JE) Judges 11:18, also Deuteronomy 2:1, 3; of rivers Genesis 2:11, 13.
c. make a round, or circuit, go about to, with accusative of location 1 Samuel 7:16; go about in (בְּ) 2 Chronicles 17:9, compare also (with בְּ) 2 Chronicles 23:2; Songs 3:5; Songs 5:7; Ecclesiastes 12:5, so with accusative Isaiah 23:16; = make a circuitous march 2 Kings 3:9 (with accusative דֶּרֶךְ). — See also 2 Samuel 5:23; 1 Chronicles 14:14 Hiph. 2 a.
d. surround, encompass, absolute Genesis 37:7 (E); with accusative Job 40:22; with hostile purpose, 2 Kings 6:15; Ecclesiastes 9:14 (both of siege), compare 2 Kings 3:25; accusative omitted Judges 16:2, compare 2 Samuel 18:15; with accusative of thing + עַלֿ person Judges 20:5; with עַלֿ person alone Job 16:13; 2 Chronicles 18:31; with אֶלֿ person 2 Kings 8:21 2 Chronicles 21:9; often figurative in poetry, with accusative Hosea 7:2; 2 Samuel 22:6 = Psalm 18:6; Psalm 22:13; Psalm 22:17; Psalm 49:6; Psalm 88:18; Psalm 118:10; Psalm 118:11 (twice in verse); Psalm 118:12; so also Psalm 17:11 (Kt סְבָבוּנִי, Qr סְבָבוּנוּ; on text see especially Hup-Now); literally of cord surrounding (measuring circumference of), with accusative 1 Kings 7:15 = Jeremiah 52:21; 1 Kings 7:23 2 Chronicles 4:2; of ornaments, etc., surrounding something (accusative) 1 Kings 7:24; 2 Chronicles 4:3; surround one with something (2 accusative) 1 Kings 5:17; Psalm 109:3; accusative + בְּ instrumental Hosea 12:1; לָעֹפֶל ס׳ 2 Chronicles 33:14 (i.e. build a wall around it). — 1 Samuel 22:22 read חַבְתִּי (√ חוּב), Th We Dr Kit Bu Löhr HPS.
Niph. Perfect 3rd person masculine singular נָסַב Joshua 15:3 +; 3rd person feminine singular נָסֵ֫בָּה Ezekiel 26:2 (Ges§ 67 t St§ 410 b Köi. 342); וְנוֹסְפָה Ezekiel 41:7 (but read וְנוֺסְפָה Ew Sm Co ToyHpt compare Berthol); 3rd person plural נָסַ֫בּוּ Genesis 19:4 +; Imperfect 3rd person masculine plural יִסַּ֫בּוּ Ezekiel 1:9 + 5 times; —
1.
a. turn oneself against (עַלֿ), close round upon (עַל) Genesis 19:4 (J) Joshua 7:9 (JE); with accusative Judges 19:22.
b. turn round (from a direct course), of wheels Ezekiel 1:9, 12, 17; Ezekiel 10:11 (twice in verse), also Ezekiel 10:16 (but dubious, Co ישׁבו, ToyHpt leave, Symm ἀπελείποντο); נָסֵ֫בָּה אֵלַי Ezekiel 26:2 of Jerusalem under figure of door (Sm Co Berthol ToyHpt).
c. especially of boundary (Hexateuch only P): turn round from (מִן), toward (לְ) Numbers 34:4, + ה locative Joshua 18:14; with מִן + ה locative + אֶלֿ Joshua 15:10; with מִן alone Numbers 34:5; with ה locative alone Jeremiah 31:39; Joshua 15:3; Joshua 16:6; circle about, skirt, with accusative Joshua 19:14.
2. passive be turned over to (לְ), into the power of, Jeremiah 6:12.
Pi. Infinitive construct הַדָּבָר אֶת־פְּנֵי סַבֵּב2 Samuel 14:20 to change, transform, the aspect of the matter.
Po`. Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular suffix יְסֹבְבֵנִי Jonah 2:4; Jonah 2:6, יְסֹבְבֶנְהוּ Deuteronomy 32:10, יְסוֺבְבֶנּוּ Psalm 32:10; 3rd person feminine singular תְּסוֺבֵב Jeremiah 31:22, etc.; — encompass, surround (in poetry and chiefly late): —
1. encompass (with protection), with accusative Deuteronomy 32:10 (י׳ subject), with 2 accusative חֶסֶד יְסוֺבְבֶנּוּ Psalm 32:10, compare Psalm 32:7 (but 2nd object here dubious); similarly נְקֵבָה תְּסוֺבֵב גָּ֑בֶר Jeremiah 31:22 i.e. either shall protect (so most) or (Che, compare Gf) the woman (figurative of Israel), instead of holding aloof (הַבַּת הַשּׁוֺבֵבָה Jeremiah 31:22), will, in the new future which י׳ creates, with affection press round her divine husband.
2. come about, assemble round (accusative of person י׳) Psalm 7:8.
3. march or go about, city (accusative) Psalm 55:11; Psalm 59:7; Psalm 59:15; altar (in solemn procession) Psalm 26:6; go about in (בְּ) city Songs 3:2.
4. enclose, envelop, with accusative of person Jonah 2:4; Jonah 2:6 (of waters).
Hiph. Perfect 3rd person masculine singular הֵסֵב 2 Kings 16:18 +; 2nd person masculine singular הֲסִבֹּ֫תָ 1 Kings 18:37; 3rd person plural הֵסַ֫בּוּ 1 Samuel 5:9, 10, etc.; Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular וַיַּסֵּב Exodus 13:18 +, suffix וַיְסִבֵּ֫נִי Ezekiel 47:2; 3rd person masculine plural וַיַּסֵּ֫בּוּ Judges 18:23 + 2 times; 1st person plural נָסֵב 2 Chronicles 14:6, cohortative נָסֵ֫בָּה 1 Chronicles 13:3; Imperative masculine singular הָסֵב 2 Samuel 5:23; 1 Chronicles 14:14 (but see below); feminine singular הָסֵ֫בִּי Songs 6:5; Infinitive construct הָסֵב 2 Samuel 3:12; 1 Chronicles 12:33; Participle מֵסֵב Jeremiah 21:4; perhaps also plural suffix מְסִבָּ֑י Psalm 140:10 (Ginsb); —
1.
a. turn (transitive), cause to turn: turn face (accusative) Judges 18:23; 1 Kings 8:14 2 Chronicles 6:3 (all = turn toward); = turn round face 1 Kings 21:4, + אֶלהַֿקִּיר 2 Kings 20:2 = Isaiah 38:2; + מִן Ezekiel 7:22 (subject י׳), 2 Chronicles 29:6 (of neglect), 2 Chronicles 35:22 (of avoiding battle); turn away eyes from (מִן), Songs 6:5; turn (back), change heart 1 Kings 18:37 (recall from apostasy; + אֲחֹרַנִּית), Ezra 6:22 (+ עַלֿ); turn back, reverse (weapons) Jeremiah 21:4.
b. bring over (i.e. to allegiance), with accusative + אֶלֿ person, 2 Samuel 3:12; 1 Chronicles 12:24 (van d. H. 1 Chronicles 12:23); of י׳, turn over kingdom to (לְ) 1 Chronicles 10:14 (compare Qal 1 a, 1 Kings 2:15).
c. turn into, of changing name, 2 accusative 2 Kings 23:24 2 Chronicles 36:4; 2 Kings 24:14.
d. = bring round, with accusative 1 Samuel 5:8, 9; + מִן 2 Samuel 20:12; + אֶלֿ 1 Samuel 5:10; 1 Chronicles 13:3; + accusative of location 2 Kings 16:18 (sense obscure).
2.
a. cause to go around: of carrying ark around city (2 accusative) Joshua 6:11 (J E; but Qal ); lead round, i.e. by a round-about way, accusative of person + accusative דֶּרֶךְ Exodus 13:18 (E) Ezekiel 47:2; with accusative + infinitive of purpose 2 Chronicles 13:13; accusative omitted, lead round toward (אֶלֿ) 2 Samuel 5:23, away from (מֵעַלֿ) || 1 Chronicles 14:14 (where, however, perhaps read as Samuel, so Be Öttli, and, in both, סֹב for הָסֵב Dr KitKau Hpt Bu HPS Löhr).
b. surround with (accusative) wall, 2 Chron 14:6 (accusative of city omitted).
c. perhaps also encompass (as foe), מְסִבָּ֑י Psalm 140:10 those encompassing me (others below מֵסַב below).
Hoph. Imperfect 3rd person masculine singular יוּסָּ֑ב Isaiah 28:27;
[H4142 Participle feminine plural construct מֻסַבֹּת Exodus 28:11; 39:6; מוּסַבֹּת Exodus 39:13; Numbers 32:38 (see below); מוּסַבּוֺת Ezekiel 41:24]; —
[H4142 1. be turned, of cart wheel, with עַלֿ upon, over; מוּסַבּוֺת דְּלָתוֺת Ezekiel 41:24 participle apparently as gerundive, that can be turned, movable (Ges§ 116 e; Co reads צלעות מ׳, compare ToyHpt); שֵׁם מוּס׳ Numbers 32:38 turned (i.e. changed) as to name, but gloss, see Di.]
[H4142 2. surrounded, i.e. set, of jewels (participle construct) Exodus 28:11; 39:6, 13 (all P)].
Brown-Driver-Briggs Hebrew and English Lexicon, Unabridged, Electronic Database.
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BLB Scripture Index of Brown-Driver-Briggs

Genesis

2:11; 2:13; 19:4; 19:4; 37:7; 37:7; 42:24; 42:24

Exodus

13:18; 13:18

Numbers

21:4; 21:4; 34:4; 34:5; 36:7; 36:9

Deuteronomy

2:1; 2:3; 2:3; 32:10; 32:10

Joshua

6:3; 6:3; 6:4; 6:7; 6:11; 6:14; 6:14; 6:15; 6:15; 7:9; 15:3; 15:3; 15:10; 16:6; 18:14; 19:14

Judges

11:18; 16:2; 18:23; 18:23; 19:22; 20:5

1 Samuel

5:8; 5:8; 5:8; 5:9; 5:9; 5:10; 5:10; 7:16; 14:21; 14:21; 15:12; 15:27; 16:11; 17:30; 18:11; 22:17; 22:18; 22:18; 22:22; 22:22

2 Samuel

3:12; 3:12; 5:23; 5:23; 5:23; 6:20; 14:20; 14:24; 18:15; 18:30; 20:12; 22:6; 22:6; 24:6; 24:6

1 Kings

2:15; 2:15; 5:17; 7:15; 7:15; 7:23; 7:24; 8:14; 18:37; 18:37; 21:4

2 Kings

3:9; 3:25; 6:15; 6:15; 8:21; 8:21; 9:18; 9:19; 16:18; 16:18; 20:2; 23:24; 24:14

1 Chronicles

10:14; 12:23; 12:24; 12:33; 13:3; 13:3; 14:14; 14:14; 14:14; 16:43

2 Chronicles

4:2; 4:3; 6:3; 13:13; 14:6; 14:6; 17:9; 18:31; 21:9; 23:2; 29:6; 33:14; 35:22; 36:4

Ezra

6:22

Job

10:8; 16:13; 16:13; 40:22

Psalms

7:8; 17:11; 18:6; 18:6; 22:13; 22:17; 26:6; 32:7; 32:10; 32:10; 48:13; 49:6; 49:6; 55:11; 59:7; 59:15; 71:21; 88:18; 88:18; 109:3; 114:3; 114:5; 118:10; 118:11; 118:12; 140:10; 140:10

Proverbs

26:14

Ecclesiastes

1:6; 1:6; 2:20; 2:20; 7:25; 7:25; 9:14; 12:5

Song of Songs

2:17; 3:2; 3:5; 5:7; 6:5; 6:5

Isaiah

23:16; 23:16; 28:27; 38:2

Jeremiah

6:12; 21:4; 21:4; 31:22; 31:22; 31:22; 31:39; 41:14; 41:14; 41:14; 52:21

Lamentations

4:22

Ezekiel

1:9; 1:9; 1:12; 1:17; 7:22; 10:11; 10:16; 26:2; 26:2; 26:2; 41:7; 42:19; 42:19; 47:2; 47:2

Hosea

7:2; 12:1

Jonah

2:4; 2:4; 2:6; 2:6

Habakkuk

2:16

Zechariah

14:10

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