Lexicon :: Strong's H1984 - hālal

הָלַל

Transliteration

hālal

Pronunciation

haw-lal'

Part of Speech

verb

Root Word (Etymology)

A primitive root

Dictionary Aids

TWOT Reference: 499,500

Strong's Info

Strong’s Definitions

הָלַל hâlal, haw-lal'; a primitive root; to be clear (orig. of sound, but usually of color); to shine; hence, to make a show, to boast; and thus to be (clamorously) foolish; to rave; causatively, to celebrate; also to stultify:—(make) boast (self), celebrate, commend, (deal, make), fool(-ish, -ly), glory, give (light), be (make, feign self) mad (against), give in marriage, (sing, be worthy of) praise, rage, renowned, shine.

KJV Translation Count — Total: 165x

The KJV translates Strong's H1984 in the following manner: praise (117x), glory (14x), boast (10x), mad (8x), shine (3x), foolish (3x), fools (2x), commended (2x), rage (2x), celebrate (1x), give (1x), marriage (1x), renowned (1x).

KJV Translation Count — Total: 165x

Outline of Biblical Usage [?]

to shine
1. (Qal) to shine (fig. of God's favour)
2. (Hiphil) to flash forth light
to praise, boast, be boastful
1. (Qal)
  1. to be boastful
  2. boastful ones, boasters (participle)
2. (Piel)
  1. to praise
  2. to boast, make a boast
3. (Pual)
  1. to be praised, be made praiseworthy, be commended, be worthy of praise
4. (Hithpael) to boast, glory, make one's boast
5. (Poel) to make a fool of, make into a fool
6. (Hithpoel) to act madly, act like a madman

Strong’s Definitions [?](Strong’s Definitions Legend)

Brown-Driver-Briggs Lexicon [?] (Jump to Scripture Index)

STRONGS H1984: Abbreviations

† I. [הָלַל] verb shine (according to Thes and others = II. הלל (splenduit, from sonuit acute, clare, so Thes; these meanings, however, merely assumed); but see Lag^{Or. ii. 19 & below following}; compare Arabic هَلَّ begin to shine, هِلَالً new moon; Assyrian êllu, bright COT^Gloss) —
Qal only Infinitive suffix בְּהִלּוֺ נֵרוֺ עֲלֵי ראֹשִׁי Job 29:3 when it, namely his lamp, shone upon my head (compare Ew^{§ 309 c}), figurative of God's favour.
Hiph. Imperfect יָהֵל Job 31:26, 3rd person feminine singular תָּהֶל Job 41:10; 3rd person masculine plural יָהֵ֫לּוּ Isaiah 13:10; — flash forth light, of heavenly bodies, אוֺר = sun Job 31:26 (|| יָרֵחַ יָקָר הֹלֵךְ); followed by accusative of congnate meaning with verb כּוֺכְבֵי הַשָּׁמַיִם וּכְּסִילֵיהֶם לֹא יָהֵלּוּ אוֺרָם Isaiah 13:10 (|| חָשַׁךְ הַשֶּׁמֶשׁ, & יָרֵחַ לֹאיַֿגִּיהַּ אוֺרוֺ); also of crocodile עֲטִישֹׁתָיו תָּ֫הֶל אוֺר Job 41:10 his sneezings flash forth light (shining water-drops).

. [הָלַל] verb be boastful
Pi. praise (Arabic هَلَّ shout, both in joy & (if conjecture of Nö RS be right, see citation below) in terror; especially II. in formula of worship; Syriac Pa. Lelfh cecinit, laudavit; compare Late Hebrew הִלּוּל praise, הַלֵּל id., Hallel (Psalm 113-118); Aramaic הִילּוּלָא marriage-song, etc.; on Assyrian alâlu, shout for joy, rejoice see Lyon^{Sargontexte 66 (Cylinder. 1. 36)} also Winckler^{Sargontexte 134, 1. 194; 156. 1. 149} KB^{44. 1. 36; 80. 1. 194}; all variations of cry aloud, compare Nö^{ZMG 1887, 723} RS^{Semitic 411}; perhaps originally break through, or out (in a cry), compare We^{Skizzen iii. 107 ff., especially 109}; compare also (according to Prät^{BAS i. 369 f.}) Ethiopic ተማህለለ፡ implore (compare Amharic, Tigrinya), & መሀሰ፡ swear) —
Qal Imperfect 2nd person masculine plural תָּהֹ֑לּוּ Psalm 75:5; Participle הוֺלֲלִים Psalm 5:6 + 2 times; — be boastful אַלתָּֿהֹ֑לּוּ Psalm 75:5 (|| אַלֿ (תָּרִימוּקָ֑רֶן); Participle boastful ones, boasters Psalm 5:6 (|| אָוֶן פֹּעֲלֵי); Psalm 73:3; Psalm 75:5 (both || רְשָׁעִים).
Pi. Perfect הִלֵּל Psalm 10:3, 1st person singular suffix הִלַּלְתִּיךָ Psalm 119:164; 3rd person masculine plural וְהִלֲלן consecutive Isaiah 62:9, suffix הִלֲלוּךָ Isaiah 64:10. etc.; Imperfect יְהַלֶּלֿ Psalm 63:6; Psalm 102:19; suffix יְהַלֶּלְךָ Proverbs 27:2, יְהַלֲלֶ֑ךָּ Isaiah 38:18, וַיְהַלֲלָהּ Proverbs 31:38: 1st person singular אֲהַלֵּל Psalm 56:5 + 2 times, cohortative אֲהַלֲלָה Psalm 69:31 + 2 times, etc.; Imperative feminine singular הַלֲלִי Psalm 146:1; Psalm 147:12; masculine plural הַלְלוּ Psalm 104:35 + 30 times Psalms + Jeremiah 20:13; Jeremiah 31:7; suffix הַלֲלוּ֫הוּ Psalm 22:24 + 15 times Psalms; Infinitive absolute הַלֵּל 1 Chronicles 16:36; construct הַלֵּל 2 Samuel 14:25 + 16 times Chronicles; Participle plural מְהַלֲלִים 1 Chronicles 23:5 + 4 times Chronicles; —

1. praise man or woman, accusative אֶל־פַּרְצֹה אֹתָה וַיְהַלֲלוּ Genesis 12:15 (J) and they praised her to Pharaoh, compare Proverbs 27:2; Proverbs 31:28, 31; Songs 6:9; וְהַמְהַלֲלִים אֶתהַֿמֶּלָךְ 2 Chronicles 23:12 and those praising (shouting acclamations to) the king; see also לְהַלֵּל מְאֹד 2 Samuel 14:25 (of Absalom's beauty); in bad sense עֹזְבֵי תוֺרָה יְהַלֲלוּ רָשָׁע Proverbs 28:4 deserters of law praise a wicked man.

2. usually praise אֱלֹהִים, י׳ etc.;

a. followed by accusative of heathen god Judges 16:24.

b. object (אֱלֹהִים) י׳; Psalm 119:164 (עַל on account of), subject heaven, earth, seas, etc., Psalm 69:35; תְּחִי נַפְשִׁי ותְהַלֲלֶךָּ Psalm 119:175; in summons to all creatures to praise Psalm 148:5; Psalm 148:13; Isaiah 38:18 לֹא שְׁאוֺל תּוֺדֶךָּ מָוֶת יְהַלֲלֶ֑ךָּ (compare Psalm 115:17); often of Public worship in sanctuary, Isaiah 62:9 (thanks giving in sanctuary after harvest), compare Isaiah 64:10; Psalm 22:23 (|| שִׁמְךָ אֲסַפְּרָה), Psalm 22:27; Psalm 35:18; Psalm 109:30 (both || אוֺדְךָ) Psalm 107:32 (|| יְרוֺמֲמוּהוּ) Psalm 84:5, see also Psalm 146:2 (|| אֲזַמְּרָה לֵא׳) Psalm 149:3 (with בְּ instrumental; || יְזַמְּרוּ לוֺ); also object שֵׁם י׳ (in some cases of public worship) Psalm 74:21; Psalm 148:5; Joel 2:26 (thanksgiving after harvest); שֵׁםאֱֿלֹהִים בְּשִׁיר Psalm 69:31 (|| וִאֲגַדְּלֶנּוּ בְתוֺדָה), Psalm 145:2 (|| אֲבָֽרֲכֶ֑ךָּ); further, Psalm 56:5 בֵּאלֹהִים אֲהַלֵּל דְּבָרוֺ, also Psalm 56:11 + Psalm 56:11b ביהוה וגו׳, but compare Hup Che on 11:b as editorial addition; object not expressed אֶתעַֿמְּךָ הַשְׁמִיעוּ הַלֲלוּ וְאִמְרוּ הוֺשַׁע י׳ Jeremiah 31:7, וְשִׂפְתֵי יְהַלֶּל־פִּי Psalm 63:6 [Psalm 63:5].

c. use of Imperative deserves special notice: הַלֲלוּהוּ Psalm 22:24 (|| כַּבְּדוּהוּ; of temple-worship compare Psalm 22:23; Psalm 22:25); also in summons to angles, sun, moon, etc. (all created things) to praise י׳ Psalm 148:2 (twice in verse); Psalm 148:3 (twice in verse); Psalm 148:4; Psalm 150:1; of temple-worship Psalm 150:2 (בְּ on account of) Psalm 150:2 (כְּ), Psalm 150:3; Psalm 150:3; Psalm 150:4; Psalm 150:4; Psalm 150:5; Psalm 150:5 (all with בְּ instrumental); further Jeremiah 20:13 (|| שִׁירוּ לי׳), הַלֲלוּ אֶתיֿ׳ Psalm 117:1 (addressed to nations, || שַׁבְּחוּהוּ), Psalm 148:7 (created things), חַלֲלִי אֱלֹהַיִךְ צִיּוֺן Psalm 147:12 (|| שַׁבְּחִי יְרוּשָׁלַםִ אֶתיֿ׳).

d. note especially: praise ye yah! הַלֲלויָֿהּ Psalm 135:3, liturgical (|| זַמְּרוּ לִשְׁמוֺ); elsewhere always one word see Baer^{Psalm p.115}, & always at beginning or end of Psalm (chiefly late), apparently liturgical; הַלֲלוּיָהֿ֑ Psalm 104:35 (|| בָּֽרְכִי נַפְשִׁי אֶתיֿ׳), elsewhere ׃הַלֲלוּיָהּ

(1) at beginning Psalm 106:1; Psalm 111:1 (both || הודה) Psalm 112:1; Psalm 113:1 (|| הַלֲלוּ & אֶתשֵֿׁם י׳ ה׳), Psalm 135:1 (|| id.), Psalm 146:1 (|| הַלֲלִי נַפְשִׁי אֶתיֿ׳), Psalm 147:1 (followed by זַמְּרָה in clause with כִּי), Psalm 148:1 (|| הַלֲלוּ אֶתיֿ׳, הַלֲלוּהוּ), Psalm 149:1 (|| שִׁירוּ לי׳), Psalm 150:1 (|| הַלֲלוּאֵֿל, הַלֲלוּהוּ);

(2) at end Psalm 104:35 (above), Psalm 105:45; Psalm 106:48; Psalm 113:9; Psalm 115:18 (|| נְבָרֵךְ יָהּ), Psalm 116:19; Psalm 117:2; Psalm 135:21 (|| בָּרוּךְ י׳) Psalm 146:10; Psalm 147:20; Psalm 148:14; Psalm 149:9; Psalm 150:6 (|| כֹּל הַנְּשָׁמָה תְּהַלֵּל יָהּ); add to these (not liturgical) יְהַלֶּליָֿהּ Psalm 102:19, כֹּל נְשָׁמָה תְּהַלֵּל יָהּ Psalm 150:6, לֹא הַמֵּתִים יְהַלֲלויָֿהּ Psalm 115:17.

e. also followed by ליהוה, in Chronicles, of technical Levitical function (compare Lag^{Or. ii. 16 ff.}, who limits this technical הלל to priests, using חֲצֹצְרוֺת, for a signal to the people; see e.g. Nehemiah 12:24 compare Nehemiah 12:27), 1 Chronicles 16:4 (with instrumental music, compare בִּכְלֵי כְבָלִים וּבְכִנֹּרוֺת & בַּמְצִלְתַּיִ ם, all 1 Chronicles 16:5, and Nehemiah 12:27) 1 Chronicles 23:30; 1 Chronicles 25:3 (all || הוֺדוֺת); exercised (apparently) by both priests and Levites Ezra 3:11 (|| הֹדוֺת) compare Ezra 3:11; by Levites 2 Chronicles 20:19 (בְּקֹל גָּדוֺל), 2 Chronicles 29:30 (בְּדִבְרֵי דָוִיד) in which the people also joined 1 Chronicles 16:36; also 2 Chronicles 5:13 (בַּחֲצֹצְרוֺת וּבִמְצִלְתַּיִם וּבִכְלֵי הַשִּׁיר compare also 2 Chronicles 5:12; || הֹדוֺת, 2 Chronicles 5:13 apparently of Levites & priests), בַּכֵּלִים מְהַלֲלִים לי׳ 1 Chronicles 23:5 (Levites) compare 2 Chronicles 30:21 (Levites & priests בִּכְלֵי עֹז לי׳); followed by לְשֵׁם תִּפְאַרְתֶּ֑ךָ 1 Chronicles 29:13 (|| מוֺדִים; David speaks in name of people); followed by לְהַדְרַתקֹֿ֑דֶשׁ 2 Chronicles 20:11 (before the army; || מְשֹׁרֲרִים לי׳; probably of Levites, compare 2 Chronicles 20:19).

f. followed by accusative י׳ Ezra 3:10 (priests & Levites: עַליְֿדֵי דָּוִיד), Nehemiah 5:13 (people).

g. other forms, with like technical sense, but absolute: לְהַלֵּל לְהוֺדוֺת בְּמִצְוַת דָּוִיד Nehemiah 12:24 (Levites) compare 1 Chronicles 23:5; 2 Chronicles 8:14; 29:30 (עַדלְֿשִׂמְחָה) 2 Chronicles 31:2 (apparently priests & Levites; בְּשַׁעֲדֵי מַחֲנוֺת י׳; || לְשָׁרֵת וּלְהֹוֺדוֺת); see also מוֺדִיעִים לְהַלֵּל 2 Chronicles 23:13 (|| מְשׁוֺרֲרִים בִּכְלֵי הַשִּׁיר בְּהַלֵּל דָּוִיד בְּיָדָם). 2 Chronicles 7:6 (|| הֹדוֺת ליהוּה)

3. apparently boast, male one's boast compare Qal 2 (followed by בְּ in, of), בֵּאלֹהִים Psalm 44:9 (|| שִׁמְךָ לְעוֺלָם נוֺדֶה); so according to most, in bad sense, רָשָׁע עַלתַּֿאֲוַת נַפְשׁוֺ ה׳ Psalm 10:3 a wicked man boasteth of the desire of his soul, but Che praiseth (י׳) for (i.e. in a mercenary spirit).

Pu. Perfect 3rd person plural הוּלָּ֑לוּ Psalm 78:63; Imperfect יְהֻלַּלֿ Proverbs 12:8; Participle מְהֻלָּל 2 Samuel 22:4 + 6 times; feminine הַהֻלָּ֑לָה Ezekiel 26:17 (compare Ol^{§ 250 c} Sta^{§ 220, 617 b}; MT, however, accents as Perfect, regarding הַ as = relative, see Sta^{§ 176 c} Ges^{§ 52. 2, R. 6}); — be praised,

1. human subject be praised, commended Proverbs 12:18 (opposed to יִהְיֶה לָבוּז); of maidens, praised, celebrated (in song) Psalm 78:63; participle (see above) of city, renowned Ezekiel 26:17.

2. of י׳ only participle = gerundive, to be praised, worthy of praise 2 Samuel 22:4 = Psalm 18:4; מְאֹד וּמְה׳ גָּדוֺל י׳ Psalm 48:2; Psalm 96:4 = 1 Chronicles 16:25; Psalm 145:3; so שֵׁם י׳ מְה׳ Psalm 113:3.

Hithpa. Imperfect יִתְהַלֵּל 1 Kings 20:11 + 5 times; יִתְהַלָּ֑ל Proverbs 20:14; 3rd person feminine singular תִּתְּהַלֵּל Psalm 34:3, תִּתְּהַלָּ֑ל Proverbs 31:30; 2nd person masculine singular תִּתְהַלֵּל Psalm 52:3; Proverbs 27:1; תִּתְהַלָּ֑ל Isaiah 41:16; 2nd person feminine singular תִּתְהַלֲלִי Jeremiah 49:4; 3rd person masculine plural יִתְהַלֲלוּ Psalm 64:11; Isaiah 45:25; יִתְהַלָּ֑לוּ Isaiah 49:7; Jeremiah 4:2; Imperative masculine plural הִתְהַלֲלוּ 1 Chronicles 16:10; Psalm 105:3; Infinitive לְהִתְהַלֵּל Psalm 106:5; Participle מִתְהַלֵּל Proverbs 25:14; Jeremiah 9:23; plural מִתְהַלֲלִים Psalm 97:7; — glory, boast, make one's boast: —

1. of self-confident boasting, absolute 1 Kings 20:11 compare Proverbs 20:14; followed by בְּ of ground of boast Jeremiah 9:22 (3 times in verse); Jeremiah 49:4; Psalm 49:7; Psalm 52:3; Proverbs 25:14, אַלתִּֿתְהַלֵּל בְּיוֺם מָחָר Proverbs 27:1; of glorying in idols הַמִּתְהַלֲלִים בָּאֱלִלִים Psalm 97:7.

2. of glorying, making one's boast in (בְּ, on the ground of) תִּתְהַלֵּל ׃י׳ בי׳ נַפְשִׁי Psalm 34:3, compare Isaiah 45:25; Jeremiah 4:2 (|| וְהִתְבָּֽרְכוּ בוֺ); followed by בִּקְדוֺשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל Isaiah 41:16; see also Psalm 105:3 = 1 Chronicles 16:10 followed by ) בְּשֵׁם קָדְשׁוֺ || (יִשְׂמַה לֵב מְבַקְשֵׁי י׳, compare further Jeremiah 9:23; less often absolute Jeremiah 9:23; Psalm 63:12; Psalm 64:11 & 106:5 followed by עִםנַֿחֲלָתֶ֑ךָ together with thine heritage (|| לִשְׂמֹהַ בְּשִׂמְהַת גּוֶֺ י֑ךָ).

3. once, late = passive be praised, commended, of God-fearing woman Proverbs 31:30.

Po`el Imperfect יְהוֺלֵל Isaiah 44:25 + 2 times; — make into a fool, make fool of, object שֹׁפְטִים Job 12:17 (subject י׳; || מוֺלִיךְ יוֺעֲצִים שׁוֺלָ֑ל); object קֹסְמִים Isaiah 44:25 (subject י׳ || מֵפֵר אֹתוֺת בַּדִּים; object הָכָם Ecclesiastes 7:7 (subject הָעשֶׁק; || וִיאַבֵּד אֶתלֵֿב מַתָּנָה).
Po`al Participle לִשְׂהוֺק אָמַרְתִּי מְהוֺלָ֑ל Ecclesiastes 2:2 of laughter I said, It is mad (folly); מְהוֺלָלַי Psalm 102:9 those mad against me (|| אוֺיְבָ֑י).
Hithpo. Imperfect וַיִּתְהֹלֵל 1 Samuel 21:14; 3rd person masculine plural יִתְהֹלֲלוּ Jeremiah 51:7, יִתְהוֺלֲלוּ Nahum 2:5, יִתְהֹלֶ֑לוּ Jeremiah 50:38; Imperative masculine plural הִתְהֹלֲלוּ Jeremiah 49:9, הִתְהֹלָ֑לוּ Jeremiah 25:16; — act madly, or like a madman, וַיִּתְהֹלֵל בְּיָדָם 1 Samuel 21:14 (of David) and he acted like a madman in their hands; of idolatrous worship by Chaldeans וּבָאֵימִים יִתְה׳ Jeremiah 50:38; of nations, as drunken men, figurative of terror at Yahweh's judgements, Jeremiah 25:16 (|| הִתְגֹּעֲשׁוּ) Jeremiah 51:7; also of madly driving & jolting chariots Nahum 2:5; Jeremiah 46:9.

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